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HNoMS Mjølner (1868)
HNoMS ''Mjølner'' was the fourth of five ships of the s built for the Royal Swedish Navy and the Royal Norwegian Navy in the mid-1860s. Impressed by the use of ironclads during the American Civil War, the design was based on that of the . They were designed under the supervision of the Swedish-born inventor, John Ericsson—coincidentally, designer of the ''Monitor''—, and built in Sweden. ''Mjølner'' was delivered in 1868 and ran aground the following year, although she was not seriously damaged. The ship was reconstructed in 1897 and given modern breech-loading guns. ''Mjølner'' was sold for scrap in 1909.
==Design and description==
The ''John Ericsson''-class ironclads were designed to meet the need of the Swedish and Norwegian Navies for small, shallow-draft armored ships capable of defending their coastal waters. The standoff between the and the much larger during the Battle of Hampton Roads in, early 1862, roused much interest in Sweden in this new type of warship, as it seemed ideal for coastal defense duties. John Ericsson, designer and builder of the ''Monitor'', born in Sweden—although becoming an American citizen in 1848—offered to share his design with the Swedes. In response, they sent Lieutenant John Christian d'Ailly to the United States to study monitor design and construction under Ericsson. D'Ailly arrived in July 1862 and toured rolling mills, gun foundries, and visited several different ironclads under construction. He returned to Sweden in 1863 having completed the drawings of a ''Monitor''-type ship under Ericsson's supervision.〔Harris 1994, pp. 22–24〕
The ship measured long overall, with a beam of . She had a draft of and displaced .〔 ''Mjølner'' was divided into nine main compartments by eight watertight bulkheads. Over time a flying bridge and, later, a full superstructure, was added to each ship between the gun turret and the funnel.〔Bjoerud, p. 169〕 Initially her crew numbered 80 officers and men, but this increased to 104 as she was modified with additional weapons.〔Harris 1994, p. 26〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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